| REVIEW ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2023 | Volume
: 3
| Issue : 1 | Page : 7-11 |
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Recognizing Mitochondrial Hepatopathy in Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy
Ashish Goel1, Banumathi Ramakrishna2, Manisha Madhai Beck3, Thomas Alex4, Uday Zachariah1, CE Eapen1
1 Department of Hepatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
2 Department of Pathology, Christian Medical College, Vellore; Department of Pathology, SRM Institutes for Medical Science, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
4 Department of Pathology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
Correspondence Address:
Ashish Goel
Department of Hepatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None
DOI: 10.4103/ghep.ghep_35_22
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Acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP) is a rare cause of catastrophic liver dysfunction and failure in late pregnancy. Defective mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO) seems to be the underlying pathogenic mechanism. Stressors of both late pregnancy (increased maternal dependence on fats as energy source) and fetus with homozygous defect in mitochondrial FAO, precipitate AFLP in a woman who was previously asymptomatic. Mitochondrial disorders exhibit significant clinical heterogeneity, but many of these primary and secondary disorders have liver as the primary organ affected. The liver injury pattern in these patients also has a varied spectrum and course. Unlike other primary mitochondrial disorders affecting the liver, AFLP represents a potentially completely reversible form of liver injury. Thus, AFLP behaves as a secondary mitochondrial disorder precipitated by inciting factors from fetus and placenta. In this review, we attempt to highlight the varied aspects of mitochondrial dysfunction in AFLP. Mitochondrial injury is the mainstay of pathogenesis and can be recognized in typical clinical features and histopathological findings in patients with AFLP. We also present the consequent impact of recognizing underlying mitochondrial injury on clinical diagnosis and management strategies employed in AFLP.
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