| ORIGINAL ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2023 | Volume
: 3
| Issue : 2 | Page : 56-60 |
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Role of crush cytology in detecting gastrointestinal malignancies
Ayaskanta Singh1, Rashmi Patnayak2, Jimmy Narayan1, Manoj Kumar Sahu1, Manas Kumar Behera1, Amitabh Jena3
1 Department of Gastroenterology and Biliary Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
2 Department of Pathology, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
3 Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
Correspondence Address:
Rashmi Patnayak
Department of Pathology, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None
DOI: 10.4103/ghep.ghep_1_23
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Background: Adenocarcinomas are the most common malignancy of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Crush cytology is an effective method which can be used to detect neoplastic conditions of GI tract, especially in combination with biopsies. Materials and Methods: The objectives of the study were to study the efficacy of crush cytology as a convenient and near accurate method to evaluate endoscopic biopsy of GI neoplasms. Study Design: Retrospective and Prospective. The original cytopathology diagnoses were correlated with histology report on cases sent over 2-year period. In consecutive 89 patients attending the department of gastroenterology with clinical suspicion of malignancy, an endoscopy was performed. The material obtained was subjected to cytology as well as histopathology. The stained cytology slides along with corresponding histopathology slides were studied. Results: Out of 89 cases, both crush smear and histopathology sections were positive for malignant cells (65 cases), both negative for malignant cells (seven cases), crush smear positive and histopathology negative (three cases), and crush smear-negative and histopathology positive (14 cases). Out of the 14 cases which were negative in crush smears for malignancy, on histopathological examination, eight were signet-ring cell carcinoma, three were poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, two turned out to be neuroendocrine carcinoma, and one non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Conclusion: Crush cytology smears can be used to diagnose malignant GI cases fairly accurately. Cases of signet-ring cell carcinoma, neuroendocrine tumor, poorly differentiated malignancy, and NHL may be missed by crush cytology technique alone. A special stain for mucin can be used to identify the signet-ring cells in signet-ring cell carcinoma cases.
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